HISTORY & LESSON

  Here are the most recent and comprehensive estimates of Palestinian civilian deaths—including into 2025: 📊 Casualty Figures: Palestinian Deaths (2023–2025) The Gaza Health Ministry reports over 55,600 deaths in Gaza since the war began in October 2023, with the majority being civilians timesofindia.indiatimes.com +14 theguardian.com +14 reddit.com +14 aljazeera.com +12 theguardian.com +12 en.wikipedia.org +12 . As of May 27, 2025 , Al Jazeera cited 54,056 killed , including at least 17,400 children english.wafa.ps +5 aljazeera.com +5 aljazeera.com +5 . In mid‑March 2025 , UN and local reports confirmed the total surpassed 50,000 deaths . By April 26 , official figures reached 51,495 deaths , with over 10,000 missing under rubble theguardian.com +15 english.wafa.ps +15 aljazeera.com +15 . 🎯 Civilian vs Combatant Breakdown Studies suggest ~80% of those killed are civilians (women, children, elderly), meaning only about 20% are combatants en.wikipedia...

  The Great Bengal Famine of 1943: A Man-Made Catastrophe The Great Bengal Famine of 1943 stands as one of the darkest and most tragic chapters in Indian history. Taking place under British colonial rule, it resulted in the deaths of an estimated 3 to 4 million people in the Bengal province of British India. While famines were not uncommon in India during colonial times, the 1943 famine was distinctive in its severity, avoidability, and human responsibility . It was not merely the result of a natural disaster or crop failure, but largely a man-made catastrophe , rooted in wartime policies, administrative negligence, and colonial exploitation. Causes of the Famine Unlike earlier famines, the Great Bengal Famine was not triggered primarily by drought or flood. In fact, Bengal had a relatively good rice harvest in 1942 . However, several interlinked factors contributed to the disaster: War and Japanese Invasion of Burma During World War II, Japan’s occupation of Burma in 1942...

 The U.S. withdrawal (and effective defeat) in Afghanistan in 2021 was the result of strategic, political, military, and cultural failures over two decades . It's not as simple as a battlefield loss—there was no final, decisive battle—but more a collapse of objectives, trust, and sustainability . Here's why the U.S. ultimately lost or withdrew: 1. Unclear and Shifting War Objectives Initial goal (2001): Defeat al-Qaeda and remove the Taliban for harboring them. Later goals (2002–2010s): Nation-building, promoting democracy, women’s rights, rebuilding institutions. Final goal (2010s–2021): Just exit without total collapse. This lack of a clear, coherent end-state made long-term success elusive. You can’t win a war if you don’t know what winning looks like. 2. The Taliban Had a Clearer Strategy The Taliban had one mission: wait out the foreigners and regain control . They were locally rooted, ideologically driven, and had sanctuaries in Pakistan , allowi...